Phonological Knowledge
a workshop by Jannie Van Hees
Letters vs Phonemes
There are 26 letters and 48 sounds
Phonological Terminology
BICS - basic interpersonal communication skills
CALP - cognitive academic language proficiency
Phonemes - smallest units of speech (consonants, long and short vowels, diagraphs & other sounds). English has 44 phonemes, they are critical building blocks that dyslexic & ESL students have difficulty with
Phonetics - concerned with describing the speech sounds;
- articulation
- sounds moving through the brain
- difficulty - audio processing
Phonological awareness - what you hear (can be done with your eyes closed) - clap syllables, break into phonemes.
44 Phonemes - video
Grapheme - symbol of a sound
Digraph - two letter grapheme
Homophone - same sound different meaning. eg, flour and flower
Homonym - said the same or spelt the same eg, right, write & minute, minute
Homograph - same sound, same spelling eg, close, close
Other notes of interest:
- when talking we clip out words, not sounding out every sound
- if you over sound it, it will be confusing
- breaking a text into word groups, as you do in dictation, works well
- When you work with word sounds they need to be in context (text)
- Mileage is the most important thing
